Apparatus for use in building illuminating-pavements.



S. ZAGHARIAS. APPARATUS FOR USE IN BUILDING ILLUMINATING PAVEMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 22, 1909. 997,533. Patented July 11,1911.

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-s. ZAGHARIAS. APPARATUS FOR USE IN BUILDING ILLUMINATING PAVEMENTS.

APPLIUATION FILED MAR. 22, 1909.

Patented July 11, 1911.

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STANISLAUS ZACHARIAS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

APPARATUS FOR USE IN BUILDING ILLUMINATING-PAVEMENTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 11, 19.11.

Application filed March 22, 1909. Serial No. 484,860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STANIsLAUs ZAOHA- runs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and. useful Improvements in Apparatus for Use in Building Illuminating-Pavements, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in devices for use in constructing illuminating area spanning pavements and its object is to provide a very strong and efficient construction which may be cheaply made and forms a quickly detachable substructure embodying certain new and useful features all as hereinafter more fully described: and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a section of pavement with portions broken away to show the reinforcing and the removable substructure; Fig. 2 is a vertical section substantially on the line 0000 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a section at right angles to that of Fig. 2; Fig. 1 is a perspective detail of a portion of one end of the substructure and showing a. modified form of reinforcing wire in place thereon; Fig. 5 is a perspective detail showing a modified form of end closure.

The pavement or sidewalk illustrated in the accompanying drawings is of that class in which lenses or glass tiles are set in reinforced concrete, said concrete body being formed with downwardly extending ribs between the rows of lenses to give the necessary strength without the use of heavy bars or angle iron to reinforce the cement. In building a pavement of this character it is necessary to provide a. suitable temporary and removable substructure to support the concrete while in the plastic state and to form a mold in which the concrete is placed and for holding and supporting the lenses in spaced relation while the concrete is being filled in around these lenses. A suitable substructure for this purpose is formed of parallel plates 1 extending transversely of the walk and supported at their ends adjacent to the supporting I-beam 2 which extends along close to the building, and the outer area wall 3, by any suitable temporary supports, such as beams or planking 4. These plates are set upon edge in pairs with the plates of each pair inclined slightly toward each other from their lower edges upward, and to so hold the pairs'in place each is formed with a series of notches 5 along its upper edge to receive detachable clip plates 6 which plates are each formed with a laterally bent tongue 7 at each end. These tongues are of lesser width than the width of the clip plates and thus shoulders 8 are formed to engage the inner surface of the plates 1 and space the same apart while the tongues 7 engage the outer sides of the plates and hold the same in place. A series of clips 9 is provided to engage the lower edges of the plates or bars 1 and each clip is formed with a groove 10 near each end to receive the lower edges of the plates. A bolt 11 passes through each clip plate 6 and the clip plate 9 below to secure the clips in place,

said bolt being provided with a counter-sink head to engage a counter sink in the upper clip and a nut on its lower end to engage the under side of the lower clip. The clip plates 6 are so spaced that they form together with the upper edges of the side plates 1, a series of rectangular openings along the upper side of each pair of side plates. These rectangular openings are of the proper size and shape to receive and hold suitable lenses or glass tiles 12 set therein. These lenses may be of any desired construction and as shown may be formed with a downwardly extending prism 13, which prisms will project downward within the space between the plates 1 when the lenses are in place. The pairs of plates 1 which are secured together by the clips 6 and 9 are set in parallelism and spaced apart by strips or bars 14: placed within the space 15 between the pairs and resting upon the projecting ends 16 of the lower clips 9. The lenses are thus supported and held in rows extending transversely of the walk with the rows spaced apart by the bars 141. The lenses together with the clips 6 close the upper side of the space between eachpair of plates 1 and the ends of these spaces at the lnner and outer edges of the walk are closed by the suitable sheet metal plates 17 i shaped to conform to the inclination of. the plates 1 and provided with upper and lower flanges 18 and 19 to project over and beneath the ends of said plates 1, and laterally projecting portions 20 on these end closures 17 engage the ends of the bars 14 and close the end of the-space beneath said bars and between the adjacent side plates. When this supporting or substructure is in place with lenses supported thereon, cement or similar material is filled in between the lenses and within the spaces 15 and also into the spaces between the end closures 17 and the I-beam 2 and area wall 3. hen this cement is set it will form a body in which the lenses are embedded and firmly held by suitable ribs or projections provided upon the lenses, and the spaces 15 will form downwardly projecting tapering ribs upon the lower side of the body between the rows of lenses to give rigidity and strength to the structure. hen the cement or concrete has become sufficiently set or hardened this substructure may be removed by taking away the supports 4, as the pairs of plates 1 are set in inclination to each other and i may be readily withdrawn from between the ribs formed by the spaces 15 between them, without injuring the pavement, the bars 14 and end closures 17 falling away with the removal of the plates 1.

It may be found desirable to support the side plates 1 intermediate their ends to give greater rigidity to the substructure, and to so support these plates, channel bars 21 extending transversely of the plates and longitudinally of the walk, may be provided to engage the lower edges of the plates which edges are notched at 22 to receive the upper edges of the channel bar. This channel bar is temporarily supported from beneath in any suitable manner (not shown) and it may be temporarily fastened to each pair of plates 1 by means of bolts 23 extending through the clips 6 and downward through the channel bar. lVhen the substructure is removed this channel bar is detached by first unscrewing the nuts from the ends of the bolts 23 which engage the under side of the bar. Any desired number of these chan nel bars may be used to support the substructure and it may be found desirable, as shown in Fig. 3 at 24, to make the side plates 1 in sections or lengths, that is, these plates may not all be of sufficient length to extend the full width of the walk, but may be made of two or more pieces abutting end to end with said ends meeting between the upwardly extending flanges of one of the channel bars. The channel bar thus serves to support the abutting ends of the plates and by reason of its engagement with the notches 22 in the lower edges of said plates will securely hold the same in place.

In Fig. 5 a modified form of end closure for the spaces between the plates 1 is shown and consists of an angle bar 25 one flange of which is notched at 26 to conform to the end of each space 15, and the other flange of the angle bar extends horizontally beneath the lower edges of the said plates 1.

To reinforce the concrete body and give strength and rigidity thereto suitable reinforcing wires 27 are placed in the spaces between the lenses of each row and these wires are bent to extend from between one row of lenses downward within the space 15 between this and the next row and up ward between said next row. At each side of the space each wire is preferably formed with an S bend to give a firmer hold in the concrete and also to form legs 28 to engage the clip plates 6 and support the wire in place thereon before the concrete is put in. Each end of each wire is extended horizontally between each adjacent row of lenses and its ends bent downward to more firmly engage the concrete. These reinforcing wires are preferably so placed that these horizontally extending ends between the lenses will overlap or extend by each other as shown. The horizontallyextending reinforcing rod 29 is placed in the lower end of each rib formed in the spaces 15 and these rods extend beyond the end of the substructure toward the I-beam 2 and area wall 3 to engage the concrete adjacent to said wall and beam. These rods 29 are suspended within the spaces 15 before the concrete is put in by laying them within the loops of the reinforcing wires 27 which loops extend downward within said spaces.

In Fig. 4 a modified form of reinforcing wire is shown at 30. These reinforcements each consists of a loop formed of twisted wire which is suspended within the space 15 by means of a straight wire or rod 31 pass ing through the upper ends of the loop and resting upon the adjacent clips 6. The upper ends of the loop may be formed into loops by spreading the twisted wire so that the reinforcement'will more firmly engage the concrete.

To allow for the expansion and contraction of the pavement these pavements are made in panels and each panel is divided from the adjacent panel as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 by means of a thin vertically set dividing strip 35 placed in the center of one of the spaces 15 and formed of rubber, paper,

wood or other fibrous material which will yield when the pavement expands. In the surface of the pavement opposite the upper end of the strip 35, a V-groove 36 is formed in the concrete and embedded in the concrete across the upper end of the strip 35, and at the lower end of the groove is a horizontal thin metal strip or plate 37 to prevent the water entering the groove 36 from passing downward through the strip 35 of fibrous material and injuring the pavement. In contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the strip 37 at one side of the expansion joint are plates or strips 38 embedded in the concrete to prevent said concrete from adhering to that edge of the strip 37 and permit said strip 37 to slide between the strips 38 as the pavement expands or contracts. Then the concrete is in place and the groove 36 formed therein, said groove may be filled with any suitable plastic ma terial 39 which will assist in excluding the water, but will not harden sufliciently to prevent the free expansion or contraction of the panels. I

The above described construction of pavement itself, including the reinforcing members and expansion joint, formsno part of this invention, this invention relating to the sub-structure for use in constructing such pavements, and it is obvious that changes in thedetails of construction of such sub-structure and in the arrangement of its parts, may be. made without departing from the spirit of my invention and I do not wish to limit myself to the particular construct-ion shown.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim is:

1. In a structure for the purpose described, a series of spaced plates supported on edge and arranged in pairs, a serles of members interlocked with the upper edges of each pair of plates and spaced apart to form openings between to receive lenses with their edges engaging the upper edges of the plates and the edges of said members, a series of members extending across between and engaging the lower edges of each pair of plates, means extending between securing both series of members in engagement with the edges of each pair of plates to hold the plates of each pair together and in spaced relation, and means for spacing the pairs of plates.

2. In a structure for the purpose de scribed, a series of independent spaced parallel plates arranged in pairs and adapted to support lenses between the upper edges of the plates of each pair, separate detachable means extending across between the plates of each pair to hold and space the same and adapted to fill the spaces between the lenses, detachable members engaging and holding the lower edges of said plates, detachable means for spacing the pairs of plates and forming a bottom for the space between and supported by said members, and detachable means for closing the ends of the spaces between the plates of each alr.

p 8. In a structure for the purpose described, a series of spaced parallel plates set on edge and adapted to support lenses upon the upper edges of the plates of each pair, means for holding the plates of each pair adapted to form closures for the spaces between the lenses on each pair, a member extending transversely of the plates across their lower edges, and bolts engaging said means and said members.

4. In a structure for the purpose described, a series of plates arranged in pairs, and adapted to support lenses between the upper edges of the plates of each pair, members extending across between said edges and adapted to close the space between said lenses, members extending across the space between the plates of each pair and engaging and projecting beyond the lower edges of said plates, and strips within the spaces between the pairs forming bottoms and supported upon the projecting ends of said members.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

STANISLAUS ZACHARIAS.

\Vitnesses:

L. E. FLANDERS, G. E. MGGRANN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington, .D. G. 

